Sea surface temperature sst is a very important variable in the earths climate system. Evaluation of the nimbus 7 scanning multichannel microwave radiometer for sea ice research. Sea ice extent and area time series from satellite microwave radiometers. Comparison of passive microwave data with shipborne. Error sources and feasibility for microwave remote sensing of. Remote sensing, in simplest terms, means viewing something from a distance rather than by direct contact. Satellite remote sensing of seaice thickness and kinematics. The study of sea ice and ocean processes, using remote sensing data combined with in situ measurements and models, was one of the main objectives of two winter experiments in the barents sea, in 1987 and 1989.
Surface and aircraft measurements were obtained during all seasons using a wide variety of active and passive microwave sensors. Ice formed in lakes and rivers and icebergs coming from glaciers and ice sheets are not defined as sea ice. Being at the interface of the ocean and the atmosphere, sst is critical to both, and to the exchanges of heat, moisture, momentum, and gases between the two e. Comiso 671 1 1 the long term objectives of this research project are as follows. Thus, the small values of the retrieved n indicate the moist and wet snows over sea ice. This change in emphasis has been the prime stimulus for this book. Remote sensing data were primarily obtained from airborne synthetic aperture radar sar, passive microwave and infrared radiometers. Proceedings volume 9999 remote sensing of the ocean, sea ice, coastal waters, and large water regions 2016. During the aidjex main experiment, april 1975 through may 1976, a comprehensive microwave sensing program was performed on the sea ice of the beaufort sea. The sea ice concentration analysis based on passive microwave from smmr from 1979.
Snow on antarctic sea ice plays a key role for sea ice physical processes and complicates retrieval of sea ice thickness using altimetry. Finally, this paper provides a brief discussion on the future directions in passive microwave remote sensing of climatically important sea ice variables during the spring transitional period. In addition, a sea ice microwave emissivity model has been used together. Remote sensing of the ocean, sea ice, coastal waters, and.
Dear colleagues, we would like to invite you to submit manuscripts to a special issue of remote sensing in sea ice in the journal of remote sensing with the great increase in interest about global warming, the understanding of the rapid changes in sea ice in the arctic and antarctic oceans has become one of the most important factors for providing new insights into the relationship. An experimental study of microwave remote sensing of oil. Half a century of satellite remote sensing of seasurface. Sea ice concentration most widely used sea ice quantity university of bremen. This paper describes the use of satellite data in remote sensing of sea ice with a. Some limitations in using reflected visible light to observe sea ice from space include the following. An ultrawideband radiometer was used to measure microwave brightness temperature spectra over arctic sea ice in the lincoln sea near the north coast of greenland. Monitoring by remote sensing is defined as any measurement technique which can be used. Developing remote sensing capabilities for meterscale. To this end, an overview of our previously developed electromagnetic inversion algorithm is. Frey, copi graduate school of geography, clark university. An algorithm has been developed for estimating total and multiyear sea ice concentration from passive microwave and. Daily variation of temperature in snow and the relation between the thermal conductivity of snow and its density.
Remote sensing of sea ice thickness using smos data. Microwave remote sensing is a rapidly developing discipline, with an increasing number and diversity of specialised sensors its foundation is the electromagnetic theory microwave data should not be treated as images but as measurements visual metaphors dominate the remote sensing literature, but for microwaves an audio metaphor is more. Field measurements have provided observations that characterize, to a limited extent, the natural variability of sea ice. Snow cover on fyi plays a key role in sea ice thermodynamic processes brown and cote, 1992, iacozza and barber, 2010, webster et al. It is based on the sensitivity of sea surface brightness temperatures tb to sss at microwave frequencies. A handheld camera is an example of a remote sensing instrument. Snow thickness estimation on firstyear sea ice using. Sea ice remote sensing applications for climate and. Passive microwave remote sensing for sea ice thickness. The volume describes processes operating at the macro and microscale e. Numerous and frequentlyupdated resource results are available from this search. Johannessen 1 he use of microwave remote sensing for sea ice studies in the barents sea the study of sea ice and ocean processes, using remote sensing data combined with in situ measurements and models, was one of the main objectives of two winter experiments in the barents sea, in 1987 and 1989. The sea surface tb is a product of the sea surface emissivity and the sea surface temperature sst.
Microwave remote sensing has long been viewed as an important tool in the study of the arctic snowsea ice. Remote sensing science is one of the most modern approaches for studying oceans, littoral regions, seas and large lakes, as well as sea ice covered regions. This algorithm has been able to reconstruct the complex permittivity pro. It also discusses interannual trends in sea ice extent and presents interannual trends in snow melt onset dates. Laboratory measurements are unique because the evolution of the signature of sea ice. Resolution eobased and ice analystassigned sea ice concentrations, ieee journal of selected topics in applied earth observations and remote sensing, vol. This barcode number lets you verify that youre getting exactly the right version or edition of a book. First, the new sensor advanced microwave scanning radiometereos.
Since these sensors measure reflected radiation from the sun, visible data can only be collected during the daytime. Microwave remote sensing of sea ice 1st edition by frank d. Physics and remote sensing addresses experiences acquired mainly in canada by researchers in the fields of ice physics and growth history in relation to its polycrystalline structure as well as ice parameters retrieval from remote sensing observations. Pdf on jan 1, 2009, larsanders breivik and others published remote sensing of sea ice find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Figure 81 maps of maximum and minimum sea ice extent and concentration in the arctic top and. Similar to the laptev sea, the chukchi sea has been subject to a huge number of in situ, remote sensing and modeling studies related to sea ice and dense. Keywords arctic, climate change, geophysical properties, passive microwave, remote sensing, sea ice, seasonal evolution, snow, surface energy balance.
Remote sensing of sea ice thickness and salinity with 0. This paper describes the use of satellite data in remote sensing of sea ice with a focus on operational applications. The use of microwave remote sensing for sea ice studies in. The growth and decay of sea ice occur on a seasonal cycle. Norwegian satellite earth observation database for marine and polar research. Satellite thermal microwave sea ice concentration algorithm. Microphysical measurements important for microwave remote. In 1978, nasas scanning multichannel microwave radiometer smmr provided detailed, reliable information about sea ice. The overarching goal of this work is to develop and validate remote sensing techniques to track sea ice physical properties of geophysical importance that occur below the pixel size of most global coverage satellite assets, particularly melt ponds.
Pdf microwave remote sensing of sea ice in the aidjex. Considerations for microwave remote sensing of thin sea ice. The principle of satellite sss remote sensing has been thoroughly described in a. Microwave radiometers have monitored sea ice daily since the 1970s. Emphasis is placed particularly on results obtained since the comprehensive articles of campbell et al 1978 and gloersen et al 1978.
In the last twenty yqars, many experiments have been carried out in order to retrieve sea ice information from microwave remote sensing measurements. The authors then describe sea ice conditions in the eurasian arctic seas and, using microwave satellite data, provide a detailed analysis of difficult sea ice conditions. Spatial and temporal variation of sea ice geophysical. Detection of smallscale roughness and refractive index of. Department of atmospheric sciences, university of washingtonseattle, washington 98195. Using remote sensing to estimate sea ice thickness in the bohai sea, china based on ice type article pdf available in international journal of remote sensing 3017. Current methods of snow depth retrieval are based on satellite microwave radiometry, which perform best for dry, homogeneous snow packs on level sea ice. Retrieval of wintertime sea ice production in arctic. This web pages content and links are no longer actively maintained. The output from a thermodynamic model using ecmwf re. Passive microwave remote sensing of seasonal snowcovered.
Microwave remote sensing of sea ice book, 1992 worldcat. Oclcs webjunction has pulled together information and resources to assist library staff as they consider how to handle coronavirus. Figure 81 maps of maximum and minimum sea ice extent and concentration in the arctic top and antarctic bottom obtained from passive microwave satellite. The patterns of sst reveal subsurface dynamics, at least those with a surface. This paper presents an experiment on remote sensing of oil infested sea ice, and the detection of this contaminant. Hamburg 20 aus henstedtulzburg, deutschland remote sensing of sea ice thickness using smos data. However, ground truth must be necessary to discuss the effectivity of this kind of approach. An important aspect of remote sensing science is the ability to monitor complex environmental media air, land, water and their interfaces water surface wave, air sea interaction, water. Passive microwave remote sensing of seasonal snowcovered sea ice article pdf available in progress in physical geography 316.
Unlimited viewing of the articlechapter pdf and any associated supplements and figures. Pdf sea ice remote sensing using amsre 89ghz channels. Barber 4 1geoscience and remote sensing society, virginia, usa 2jet propulsion laboratory, california institute of technology, pasadena, california, usa 3cold regions research and engineering laboratory, hanover, new hampshire, usa. Sar and scatterometer signatures of sea ice microwave. Microwave remote sensing of sea ice geophysical monograph. One of approaches to monitor sea ice in large area is microwave remote sensing data analysis. During winter, the growth of sea ice is limited due to the strong insulating properties of snow. Pdf passive microwave remote sensing of seasonal snow. Introduction trends in sea ice extent as seen from satellites.
Pdf ssmi sea ice remote sensing for mesoscale ocean. Sea ice observations from passive microwave sensors began in 1972 with the electrically scanning microwave radiometer esmr aboard noaas nimbus5 satellite. An experimental study of microwave remote sensing of oilcontaminated young sea ice. H 1966, high altitude sidelooking radar images of sea ice in the arctic, proceedings of the fourth symposium on remote sensing of environment, environmental research institute, ann arbor, michigan, pp. Microphysical measurements important for microwave remote sensing of sea ice field guide technical report pdf available july 2006 with 36 reads how we measure reads. Developing remote sensing capabilities for meterscale sea ice properties chris polashenski, pi. Spaceborne microwave remote sensing of arctic sea ice. Pdf remote sensing of sea ice in the northern sea route. First, the new sensor advanced microwave scanning radiometer.
Microwave remote sensing of sea ice in the aidjex main experiment. American geophysical union geophysical monograph 68. Reliable information about the coronavirus covid19 is available from the world health organization current situation, international travel. In 1987, a series of dmsp special sensor microwave imager ssmi. The authors then describe sea ice conditions in the eurasian arctic seas and, using microwave satellite data, provide a detailed analysis of difficult sea ice. Spatial and temporal variation of sea ice geophysical properties and microwave remote sensing observations.
Pdf using remote sensing to estimate sea ice thickness in. Through validating against sea ice edge data from the ocean and sea ice satellite application facility, the trailing edge waveform summation of ddw achieves the best results, and its probabilities. The ice branch of environment canadas atmospheric environment service is responsible for providing information about ice condi tions in canadas offshore areas. Neusitzer et al 2017 examining the impact of a crude oil spill. This explosion of information about sea ice has fascinated scientists for some 20 years.
Microwave remote sensing has long been viewed as an important tool in the study of the arctic snow sea ice system due to the strong contrast in electromagnetic properties between sea ice, snow and open ocean. Ssmi sea ice remote sensing for mesoscale oceanatmosphere interaction analysis article pdf available in canadian journal of remote sensing 275. I provide a summaryof current and anticipated capabilities for monitoring sea ice thickness and kinematics from space. Pdf passive microwave remote sensing of thin sea ice. We are now at a point of transition in sea ice studies. This paper outlines the fundamental roles sea ice plays during the spring arctic climate, and it demonstrates the use of passive microwave remote sensing in measuring climatically important sea ice variables during the spring transitional period. Recent progress in sea ice concentration remote sensing by satellite microwave radiometers has been stimulated by two developments. The reason for this is that the mean thickness of arctic sea ice.
Enhanced sea ice concentrations from passive microwave. Microwave remote sensing of sea ice in the aidjex main experiment article pdf available in boundarylayer meteorology 1. It provides an overview of status, recent developments and future challenges to improve sea ice monitoring from satellites. A global yearround record of ice covered antarctic and arctic seas was acquired from the electrically scanning multichannel microwave radiometer esmr on nimbus5 zwally et al. Towards coast to coast networks of marine protected areas from the shore to the high and deep sea, coupled with sea based wind energy potential. Pdf an experimental study of microwave remote sensing of. Apr 03, 2020 sea ice has a higher albedo than the surrounding ocean, which makes it easy to detect from visible remote sensing instruments. However, as the use expands and need for knowledge moves forward, remote sensing of sea ice faces new challenges. It discusses the theoretical concepts underlying passive microwave remote sensing of sea ice, and it summarizes the historical use of satellite. Observation of sea ice thickness is one of key issues to understand regional effect of global warming. Time sequences of surface based measurements of passive microwave emission from growing saline ice reported by wensnahan et al.
The defense meteorological satellite program dmsp satellite series launched the first ssmi on f08 in june 1987. Salinity sea ice microwave remote sensing experiments in the baltic sea active remote sensing of sea ice passive r. View the article pdf and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours. A short introduction to microwave remote sensing of the. Barber1 1 centre for earth observation science, university of manitoba, winnipeg, canada. Advances in satellite remote sensing of sea ice and icebergs in arctic regions are described in case studies showing the benefits of using multisensor observations. In this paper, we will be presenting 2 approaches using passive microwave remote sensing to retrieve sea ice. In terms of earth science, remote sensing refers to the ability of satellites to detect electromagnetic radiation from features on the earths surface or in the atmosphere. The main objective in microwave remote sensing is to use active and passive electromagnetic measurements to determine properties of remotely sensed regions. Microwave remote sensing of sea ice in the aidjex main. Satellite remote sensing is a useful tool for mapping sea ice concentration globally. An introduction to ocean remote sensing seelye martin.
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